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Essential oil
 


Technical evolution in the stills

A. Simple still, open fire, mobile

Capacity : 100 to 500 litres
Distilling time: approximately 3 hours
Fuel used: Pine or oak, gorse
In this still, the flowers were not separated from the water, and therefore could not then be used later as fuel for the fire.

B. Permanent still over the open fire

Capacity: 200 to 800 litres
Distilling time: 2 to 3 hours
Fuel: Wood, lavender straw, coal
The tank, which had increased in size, is protected by a masonry wall, which reduced heat loss. The development of the grid and the hoist were adapted onto this type of still. The grid, or "panier" separated the flowers from the boiling water, thus the distilled lavender could later be used as fuel.

C. Steam still

 

Capacity: generally from 1000 to 6000 litres per tank (up to 20 000 litres)
Distilling time: 30 to 40 minutes
Fuel: lavender straw
These double-boiler and steam stills could also be used with fuel oil or gas boilers. Most of the distilleries use this type of still. Today, most of the different steps in the distilling process are done by machine.

D. Mobile distillation tanks

Capacity: 14 to 26 m³ per tank
Distilling time: 1 hour to 1 ½ hours
Fuel: gas, electricity or fuel oil.
Use of this system has expanded in the recent years.

All about lavender:
History
| Production and economics | Lavender plants and lavender essence | Distillation | Uses